In 1810, the population of Madison County was 1,603; 1820, 4,799; 1830,6,190; 1840,9,025; 1850,10,015; 1860,13,015; 1870,15,633; 1880, 20,129. The growth has been steady, and at no period since 1820 has the population doubled in ten years.
The following table gives the census of the county by townships and villages, for the years 1850, 1860 and 1870, as officially reported for those years:
| Townships & Villages | 1870 | 1860 | 1850 | ||||||
| Total | Native | Foreign | White | Colored | White | Colored | White | Colored | |
| Canaan | 729 | 695 | 34 | 724 | 5 | 713 | 8 | 683 | 2 |
| Amity | 106 | 165 | 1 | 106 | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... |
| Darby | 988 | 900 | 88 | 965 | 23 | 823 | 20 | 551 | .... |
| Pleasant Valley | 467 | 415 | 52 | 465 | 2 | 344 | 11 | 168 | .... |
| Deer Creek | 823 | 727 | 96 | 764 | 59 | 690 | 10 | 582 | 1 |
| La Fayette | 143 | 132 | 11 | 142 | 1 | 112 | .... | 146 | 1 |
| Fairfield | 1210 | 1151 | 59 | 1199 | 11 | 1190 | 2 | 618 | 5 |
| California | 112 | 110 | 2 | 112 | .... | .... | .... | 43 | .... |
| Jefferson | 1888 | 1717 | 171 | 1726 | 162 | 1412 | 20 | 1068 | 2 |
| Jefferson | 577 | 497 | 80 | 549 | 28 | .... | .... | .... | .... |
| West Jefferson | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | 456 | 4 | 434 | 2 |
| Monroe | 463 | 413 | 50 | 441 | 22 | 355 | 13 | 403 | .... |
| Oak Run | 456 | 422 | 34 | 394 | 62 | 311 | 36 | .... | .... |
| Paint | 955 | 855 | 100 | 937 | 18 | 768 | 2 | .... | .... |
| Pike | 394 | 373 | 21 | 380 | 14 | 340 | .... | 423 | .... |
| Liverpool | 67 | 66 | 1 | 67 | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... |
| Pleasant | 1330 | 1302 | 28 | 1291 | 39 | 1043 | 6 | 1183 | 1 |
| Mount Sterling | 389 | 377 | 12 | 382 | 7 | .... | .... | 118 | .... |
| Range | 1367 | 1263 | 104 | 1325 | 42 | 1234 | 41 | 973 | 15 |
| Somerford | 935 | 872 | 63 | 935 | .... | 835 | 13 | 755 | .... |
| Somerford | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | 139 | .... |
| Tradersville | 25 | 25 | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | .... | |
| Stokes | 986 | 892 | 94 | 973 | 13 | 887 | 11 | 589 | 2 |
| Union | 3109 | 2767 | 402 | 2874 | 235 | 2138 | 94 | 2100 | 50 |
| London | 2066 | 1737 | 329 | 1910 | 156 | 1044 | 68 | 502 | 12 |
In the last census, the reports do not designate the number of white, colored or foreign inhabitants, respectively, residing in the county, but include them all in the general population in each township, town or village. The census of 1880 gives Madison County the following population: Canaan Township, 896; Darby Township, including Plain City Village, 1,126; Plain City Village, 665; Deer Creek Township, 910; Fairfield Township, 1653; Jefferson Township, including Jefferson Village, 2,301; Jefferson Village, 729; Monroe Township, 650; Oak Run township, 613; Paint Township, 1,429; Pike Township, 548; Pleasant Township, including Mt. Sterling Village, 1,433; Mt. Sterling Village, 482; Range Township, including Midway Village, 1,884; Midway Village, 284; Somerford Township, including Somerford Village, 958; Somerford Village, 323; Stokes Township, including South Solon Village, 1,285; South Solon Village, 262; Union Township, including London Village, 4,443; London Village, 3,067.
The following is th enumber and value of domestic animals that were killed or died form disease during the past year:
| Number | Value | |
| Sheep killed by dogs | 686 | $2699 |
| Sheep injured by dogs | 346 | 647 |
| Sheep died from disease | 1796 | 5466 |
| Hogs died from disease | 4587 | 23355 |
| Cattle died from disease | 185 | 6434 |
| Horses died from disease | 311 | 18481 |
The following crop statistics of Madison County for 1881 were furnished by the County Auditor, and are therefore official:
| Productions | Acres | Bushels | Acres Sown in 1882 |
| Wheat | 28035 | 480465 | 37414 |
| Rye | 202 | 3825 | 145 |
| Buckwheat | 10 | 130 | .... |
| Oats | 439 | 8103 | 339 |
| Corn | 53855 | 1870888 | 49478 |
| Barley | 47 | 1020 | 20 |
| Flax | 6 | 75 | .... |
| Potatoes | 369 | 11479 | 268 |
| Sweet Potatoes | 3 | 108 | |
| Tobacco | 5 | 1382 | .... |
| Orchards | 1792 | .... | .... |
| Apples | .... | 28406 | .... |
| Peaches | .... | 759 | .... |
| Pears | .... | 301 | .... |
| Cherries | .... | 74 | .... |
| Plums | .... | 35 | .... |
Note.—Meadow (acres), 14,474; tons of hay, 14,406; clover (acres), 2,522; tons, 1,694; bushels of seed, 150; grapes (acres), 5½; pounds, 3,860; wine, gallons pressed, 55; sorghum (acres), 4; gallons manufactured, 291; bees, (hives), 561; pounds of honey, 2,584; eggs (dozens), 268,851; butter (pounds), 269,407; cheese (pounds), 150; wool (pounds), 376,259.
| Acres | |
| Cultivated lands | 76,462 |
| Pasture Lands | 108,244 |
| Timbered Lands | 24,659 |
| Lands lying waste | 487 |
| ________ | |
| Total amount reported | 209,852 |
The following is the number and value of stock, as well as other personal property, assessed in Madison County in 1882:
| Number | Value | |
| Horses | 7873 | $504683 |
| Cattle | 21557 | 642126 |
| Mules | 265 | 18265 |
| Sheep | 79200 | 250688 |
| Hogs | 32704 | 175649 |
| Carriages | 2723 | 114413 |
| Dogs | 248 | 1666 |
| Other personal property not in this list | .... | 389218 |
| Watches | 1076 | 22711 |
| Pianos and organs | 480 | 35395 |
| Merchant's stock | .... | 303872 |
| Broker Stock | .... | 82 |
| Manufacturer's stock | .... | 53972 |
| Moneys in possession or on deposit | .... | 590045 |
| Value of all credits after deducting debts | .... | 1096988 |
| Average value of property converted into non-taxable securities | .... | 3730 |
| Bank and other corporation property | .... | 713525 |
| Total value of taxable personal property, except per capita tax on dogs | .... | 4949716 |
| Number of dogs at $1 each | .... | 2055 |
From the report of the Secretary of State for 1881, we gather the following information relative to Madison County:
| 1846 | 1853 | 1859 | 1870 | 1880 | |
| Total value of lands and buildings | $2392900 | 4899518 | 5795915 | 8830598 | 8825725 |
| Total value in cities, villages and towns | 144068 | 287390 | 353695 | 903775 | 1317830 |
| _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ | |
| Total value of all real property | $2536968 | 5185911 | 6149610 | 9734373 | 10143555 |
| Number of acres reported in Madison County | 291942 | |
| Aggregate value of lands | $8,353,769 | |
| Aggregate value of buildings | 507,401 | |
| Aggregate value of lands and buildings | $8,861, 170 | |
| Aggregate value of lands per acre as equalized | $28 50 | |
| Aggregate value of lands and buildings per acre as equalized | 30 23 | |
| Value of lots and lands in towns | $488,593 | |
| Value of buildings in towns | 834,529 | |
| ________ | ||
| Aggregate value in towns | $1,323,122 |
The property exempt from taxation in Madison County, according to the report of 1881, is as follows:
| Value of lands | Value of buildings | |
| Public Schools | $6282 | $122800 |
| Churches | 6575 | 77465 |
| Public charitable institutions | 3497 | 3800 |
| Cemeteris, parks, etc. | 11625 | .... |
| All other property | 5290 | 36040 |
| ______ | ______ | |
| Total aggregate valuation of exempted property | .... | 273374 |
Statement showing the condition of funds at commencement of fiscal year September 1, 1881; also receipts and disbursements for the year ending September 1, 1882, and the condition of the funds at the close of the year September 1, 1882, as furnished by S. M. Prugh, Auditor of Madison County, Ohio
| Name of fund | Balance Sept 1, 1882 | Overpaid Sept. 1, 1882 | Receipts to Sept. 1, 1882 | Payments to Sept. 1, 1882 | Balance Sept. 1, 1882 | Overpaid Sept. 1, 1882 |
| State Fund | .... | .... | $42238 68 | $42238.68 | .... | .... |
| County Fund | $860 49 | .... | 26889 69 | 36846 65 | .... | $9096 87 |
| Bridge Fund | 9434 72 | .... | 9930 39 | 29298 39 | .... | 9933 28 |
| Infirmary Fund | 6794 23 | ... | 9397 89 | 13449 46 | 2742 66 | .... |
| Road Repair Fund | 1664 85 | .... | 7276 39 | 3966 07 | 4975 17 | .... |
| Wool Grower's Fund | 1491 38 | .... | 1923 40 | 1926 90 | 1487 88 | .... |
| Township Road Fund | .... | .... | 10472 46 | 10472 46 | .... | .... |
| Township Fund | .... | .... | 10321 03 | 10321 03 | .... | .... |
| School Fund | .... | .... | 61297 92 | 61297 92 | .... | .... |
| Cemetery Fund | .... | .... | 3147 49 | 3147 49 | .... | .... |
| Corporation Fund | .... | .... | 19415 97 | 19415 97 | .... | .... |
| General Ditch Fund | 127 09 | 6 69 | 436 97 | 237 95 | 259 42 | .... |
| Duplicate Fund | .... | .... | 185550 43 | 185550 43 | .... | ..... |
| Refunder's | 8 74 | .... | 275 67 | 291 04 | .... | 6 63 |
| Sale Redemption | .... | .... | 35 25 | 35 25 | .... | .... |
| Auctioneers | .... | .... | 3 40 | 3 40 | .... | .... |
| Show License | 150 00 | .... | 115 00 | 230 50 | 34 50 | .... |
| Peddlers | 27 90 | .... | .... | 27 90 | .... | .... |
| Treasurer's Fees | .... | .... | 2308 18 | 2308 18 | .... | .... |
| Teacher's Institute | 2 12 | .... | 181 50 | 183 25 | 38 | .... |
| Road Improv't Fund | 1047 21 | 190 28 | 20702 38 | 5692 66 | 16075 23 | 208 28 |
| _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ | _____ | |
| Balance in Treasury September 1, 1881 |
.... | $21414 77 | .... | .... | .... | .... |
| Balance in Treasury September 1, 1882 |
.... | .... | .... | .... | .... | $6333 18 |