The surface of this township is very level, except along the creeks, where it is somewhat broken and hilly. The principal and only streams are Little Darby and Spring Fork. The former courses through the entire township, in the central eastern portion, passing in a southeastern direction into Jefferson Township; the latter, Spring Fork, enters Monroe Township from its northwest corner, and meanders in a southeastern course, nearly through the township, and empties into the Little Darby about one mile north of the south line of the township. Along Little Darby, on both sides for a little distance from teh creek, the surface is quite broken, adn in some places quite hilly. East of the stream, and between the Little Darby and Spring Fork, the surface is very level, and after you pass westward over a little undulating portion along Spring Fork, then all westward is very level. In the western and central portions of the township, also in the southeastern part, are large farms, consisting of prairies and oak openings, which are most beautiful lands, and peculiarly adapted to grazing purposes. The soil of these portions is generally a black loam from one to three feet deep. It is being more or less ditched, tiled and drained, and when this work is carried to completion it will produce all kinds of grain in abundance, and will vie in richness and productiveness with any lands in the State. Along the creeks where the surface is undulating, the soil is generally a clay, but very strong and productive, and as a whole we may safely say that Monroe is one among the best townships of the county for stock or grain raising. The principal productions are wheat, corn, potatoes and hay. The timber is in variety about as other townships in the county. On the oak openings, burr oak, hickory and elm are the principal varieties, the former predominating. On the stream are some walnut, and the uneven and hilly portions, where the clay soil predominates, white, black and red oak, hickory, ash and some beech abound. But here, as elsewhere, the timber has been of minor importance, except to get it off of the land so as to produce good pasturage and tillage.